Search results for "lattice [space-time]"

showing 10 items of 692 documents

Studies of network organization and dynamics of e-beam crosslinked PVPs: From macro to nano

2012

Abstract In this work the influence of poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) concentration in water on the organization and dynamics of the corresponding macro-/nanogel networks has been systematically investigated. Irradiation has been performed at the same irradiation dose (within the sterilization dose range) and dose rate. In the selected irradiation conditions, the transition between macroscopic gelation and micro-/nanogels formation is observed just below the critical overlap concentration (∼1 wt%), whereas the net prevalence of intra-molecular over inter-molecular crosslinking occurs at a lower polymer concentration (below 0.25 wt%). Dynamic–mechanical spectroscopy has been applied as a cl…

chemistry.chemical_classificationRadiationMaterials scienceAqueous solutionNMR spin–lattice relaxationSpin–lattice relaxationNanogelsPolymerDynamic mechanical analysise-Beam irradiation; PVP aqueous solutions; Nanogels; Dynamic mechanical spectroscopy; NMR spin–lattice relaxationDynamic mechanical spectroscopyNanogelPVP aqueous solutionsPolymerizationChemical engineeringchemistryNano-Polymer chemistrye-Beam irradiationElectron beam processingPVP aqueous solutionSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieNMR spin-lattice relaxationNanogelRadiation Physics and Chemistry
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Cyclometallation reactions in complexes of the type Rh(oq)(CO)[P(o-BrC6F4)Ph2]. The molecular structure of F4)Ph2] (oq = 8-hydroxyquinolinate)

1984

Cyclometallation occurs when a solution of the complex Rh(oq)(CO)(PCBr), (PCBr = 2-bromo-3,4,5,6-tetrafluorophenyldiphenylphosphine; oq = 8-hydroxyquinolinate) in toluene is refluxed, giving Rh(oq)2(PC) (PC = P(C6F4)(C6H5)2) and a dimeric compound, not yet completely characterized, formulated as Rh2Br(oq)(PCBr)2. Rh(oq)2(PC) was characterized by elemental analysis, by conductance measurements, and by 19F, 31P NMR and infrared spectroscopy. Its molecular structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray methods and refined by standard procedures to final agreement factors R and Rw of 0.067 and 0.060 for 5346 observed data. Lattice constants are 15.8494(6), 14.7188(5), 14.6675(5) A and β 96.93…

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryInfrared spectroscopyCrystal structureNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyMetallacycleBiochemistryInorganic ChemistryCrystallographyLattice constantchemistryOctahedral molecular geometryX-ray crystallographyMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInorganic compoundJournal of Organometallic Chemistry
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Effective charge from lattice QCD

2020

Using lattice configurations for quantum chromodynamics (QCD) generated with three domain-wall fermions at a physical pion mass, we obtain a parameter-free prediction of QCD's renormalisation-group-invariant process-independent effective charge, $\hat\alpha(k^2)$. Owing to the dynamical breaking of scale invariance, evident in the emergence of a gluon mass-scale, this coupling saturates at infrared momenta: $\hat\alpha(0)/\pi=0.97(4)$. Amongst other things: $\hat\alpha(k^2)$ is almost identical to the process-dependent (PD) effective charge defined via the Bjorken sum rule; and also that PD charge which, employed in the one-loop evolution equations, delivers agreement between pion parton di…

dimension: 4Nuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::Latticesum rule: Bjorkenparton: distribution function01 natural sciencespi: massHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)scalingdynamical symmetry breakinglattice field theoryLattice QCDDyson-Schwinger equationsEmergence of massHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologyinfraredfermion: domain wallSum rule in quantum mechanicsRunning couplingNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsLattice field theory[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]Lattice field theoryFOS: Physical sciences[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - Lattice0103 physical sciencesquantum chromodynamicsQuantum field theory010306 general physicsCoupling constant010308 nuclear & particles physics[PHYS.HLAT]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat]High Energy Physics::Phenomenologycoupling constantAstronomy and AstrophysicsgluonGluonDistribution functionevolution equation[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]High Energy Physics::ExperimentQuantum chromodynamicsConfinement
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Studies of network structure and dynamics of e-beam crosslinked PVPs: From macro to nano

2011

Much interest has been paid to develop a variety of radiation-crosslinked hydrated polymeric materials, which swell in water but do not dissolve, as biocompatible materials used for wound healing, drug delivery system, surface-coating material for medically used devices, etc. With the aim of establishing design rules to produce hydrogels of controlled size at the nanoscale and desired internal network structure using conventional electron accelerators and set-ups, here we attempt a description in terms of structural and dynamic properties of polymer networks generated through e-beam irradiation of aqueous solutions of the same model polymer, a commercial grade poly(N-vinyl-pyrrolidone), sub…

e-Beam irradiationPVP aqueous solutions Nanogels Dynamic mechanical spectroscopy NMR spin–lattice relaxation
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The [Fe(etz)6](BF4)2 Spin-Crossover System—Part One: High-Spin ⇌ Low-Spin Transition in Two Lattice Sites

1996

The [Fe(etz),](BF,), spin-cross-over system (etz = 1-ethyl-1 H-tetrazole) crystallizes in space group P1, with the following lattice constants at 298 K: a 10.419(3), b=15.709(1), c = 18.890(2) A = = 71.223(9), =77.986(10), and = 84.62(1)° V = 2862.0(9) A3 and Z = 3. Two nonequivalent lattice sites, one without (site A) and one with (site B) inversion symmetry, are observed. The population of the two sites nA:nB is 2:l. Iron(II) on site A undergoes a thermal low-spin (LS) high-spin (HS) transition with T1/2I, = 105 K. whereas that on site B remains in the high-spin state down to cryogenic temperatures. Application of external pressure of up to 1200 bar between 200 and 60 K does not cause for…

education.field_of_studyChemistryOrganic ChemistryPopulationPoint reflectionSpin transitionGeneral ChemistryCatalysisExternal pressureCrystallographyNuclear magnetic resonanceLattice constantSpin crossoverMetastabilityLattice (order)educationChemistry - A European Journal
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Remarks on strange-quark simulations with Wilson fermions

2020

Physical review / D 102(7), 074506 (1-10) (2020). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.102.074506

fermion: WilsonStrange quarkParticle physicsWilson [fermion]High Energy Physics::Latticefermion: determinantdeterminant [fermion]FOS: Physical sciencesLattice QCD12.38.GcComputer Science::Digital Libraries01 natural sciences5303 [flavor]High Energy Physics - Lattice0103 physical sciencesquantum chromodynamicsflavor: 3ddc:530010306 general physicsMonte CarloMonte Carlo algorithmsQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum Gases010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)lattice field theoryFermionLattice field theories lattice QCDHigh Energy Physics::Experiment
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Leading isospin breaking effects in the HVP contribution to $a_{\mu}$ and to the running of $\alpha$

2021

The 38th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, LATTICE2021, Zoom/Gather@Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, 26 Jul 2021 - 30 Jul 2021; Proceedings of Science / International School for Advanced Studies (LATTICE2021), 106 (2021). doi:10.22323/1.396.0106

fermion: WilsonWilson [fermion]muon: magnetic momentHigh Energy Physics::Latticevacuum polarization: hadronicHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologylattice field theorynonperturbative530isospinHigh Energy Physics - Latticeelectromagnetic [coupling]coupling: electromagneticmagnetic moment [muon]quantum chromodynamicshadronic [vacuum polarization]quantum electrodynamicsddc:530High Energy Physics::Experimentcorrelation function
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Varieties Generated by Certain Models of Reversible Finite Automata

2006

Reversible finite automata with halting states (RFA) were first considered by Ambainis and Freivalds to facilitate the research of Kondacs-Watrous quantum finite automata. In this paper we consider some of the algebraic properties of RFA, namely the varieties these automata generate. Consequently, we obtain a characterization of the boolean closure of the classes of languages recognized by these models.

finite monoidNested word[INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH]Quantum automaton0102 computer and information sciences[INFO.INFO-DM]Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]Computer Science::Computational Complexityω-automatonregular language01 natural sciences[MATH.MATH-GR]Mathematics [math]/Group Theory [math.GR]Regular languageQuantum finite automata0101 mathematicsReversible automatonMathematicsDiscrete mathematicsFinite-state machine010102 general mathematicsNonlinear Sciences::Cellular Automata and Lattice GasesMR 68Q70AutomatonClosure (mathematics)010201 computation theory & mathematicsAutomata theoryComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata Theory
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A boundary condition for arbitrary shaped inlets in lattice-Boltzmann simulations

2009

We introduce a mass-flux-based inlet boundary condition for the lattice-Boltzmann method. The proposed boundary condition requires minimal amount of boundary data, it produces a steady-state velocity field which is accurate close to the inlet even for arbitrary inlet geometries, and yet it is simple to implement. We demonstrate its capability for both simple and complex inlet geometries by numerical experiments. For simple inlet geometries, we show that the boundary condition provides very accurate inlet velocities when Re less than or similar to 1. Even with moderate Reynolds number, the inlet velocities are accurate for practical purposes. Furthermore, the potential of our boundary condit…

geographygeography.geographical_feature_categorybusiness.industryApplied MathematicsMechanical EngineeringComputational MechanicsLattice Boltzmann methodsReynolds numberGeometryMechanicsComputational fluid dynamicsPhysics::Classical PhysicsInletBoltzmann equationPhysics::GeophysicsComputer Science ApplicationsPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesakeMechanics of MaterialssymbolsVector fieldBoundary value problembusinessLattice model (physics)MathematicsInternational Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids
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Forward light-by-light scattering and electromagnetic correction to hadronic vacuum polarization

2023

Lattice QCD calculations of the hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) have reached a precision where the electromagnetic (e.m.) correction can no longer be neglected. This correction is both computationally challenging and hard to validate, as it leads to ultraviolet (UV) divergences and to sizeable infrared (IR) effects associated with the massless photon. While we precisely determine the UV divergence using the operator-product expansion, we propose to introduce a separation scale $\Lambda\sim400\;$MeV into the internal photon propagator, whereby the calculation splits into a short-distance part, regulated in the UV by the lattice and in the IR by the scale $\Lambda$, and a UV-finite long-di…

hadronic contributionsNuclear and High Energy Physicsfusionmassless530 PhysicsFOS: Physical sciences[PHYS.HLAT] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat]operator product expansionhadronicHigh Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)vacuum polarizationultravioletquantum electrodynamicstree approximationphoton photonlattice[PHYS.HLAT]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat]effectscatteringphotonscattering amplitudeHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)lattice field theory530 Physikradiative correctionssum rule[PHYS.HPHE] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]High Energy Physics - Phenomenologyelectromagneticfinite size[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]infrareddispersionlight-by-light scatteringpropagatorcorrectionJournal of High-Energy Physics
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